The association between family doctor contract services and the health of middle-aged and older people in China: an instrumental variables analysis

  • Borders, T. F., Rohrer, J. E., Hilsenrath, P. E. & Ward, M. M. Why rural residents migrate for family physician care. J. Rural Health 16(4), 337–348. wLo (2000).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Velasco Garrido, M., Zentner, A. & Busse, R. The effects of gatekeeping: a systematic review of the literature. Scand. J. Prim. Health Care 29(1), 28–38. H1s (2011).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, A., Frank, C. & Chambers, L. W. Role of the family physician in dementia care. Can Fam Physician. 64(10), 717–719 (2018).

    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Guan, X., Lan, T., Liao, W., Wu, X. & Pan, J. Exploring the effect of the primary care health workers number on infectious diarrhea morbidity and where the health resources should go. Sci. Rep. 12(1), 6060. n0w (2022).

    Article 
    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Bindman, A. B. & Majeed, A. Primary care in the United States: Organisation of primary care in the United States. BMJ 326(7390), 631–634. 0NK (2003).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Kozhimannil, K. B. & Westby, A. What family physicians can do to reduce maternal mortality. Am. Fam. Physician. 100(8), 460–546 (2019).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, R. L. Jr. et al. A Family Medicine Health Technology Strategy for Achieving the Triple Aim for US Health Care. Fam Med 47(8), 628–635 (2015).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Carter, R., Lévesque, J. F., Harper, S. & Quesnel-Vallée, A. Measuring the effect of Family Medicine Group enrolment on avoidable visits to emergency departments by patients with diabetes in Quebec Canada. J. Eval Clin. Pract. 23(2), 369–376. YU8 (2017).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Sohrabi, M. R., & Albalushi, R. M. Clients’ satisfaction with primary health care in Tehran: A cross-sectional study on Iranian Health Centers. J Res Med Sci. 16(6), 756–762. (2011).

  • Lankarani, K. B., Alavian, S. M. & Haghdoost, A. A. Family physicians in Iran: Success despite challenges. Lancet 376(9752), 1540–1541. DCy (2010).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Treharne, G. J., Carroll, R., Tan, K. K. H. & Veale, J. F. Supportive interactions with primary care doctors are associated with better mental health among transgender people: Results of a nationwide survey in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Fam. Pract. 39(5), 834–842. kox (2022).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Shang, X. et al. Residents’ awareness of family doctor contract services, status of contract with a family doctor, and contract service needs in Zhejiang Province, China: A cross-sectional study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 16(18), 3312. f8v (2019).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Statistical bulletin on the development of health care in China in 2021 vSP (2021).

  • National Health and Family Planning Commission: Transcript of the press conference of the National Health Council on 23 July 2021. 8Iw 16 May 2024. (2021).

  • Wang, C. et al. Residents’ willingness to maintain contracts with family doctors: A cross-sectional study in China. J Gen. Intern. Med. 36(3), 622–631. nGl (2021).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Qing-Yan, S. I. Challenges and solutions for training about contractual Services for on-site Primary Physicians before transferring to the position of family doctors. Chin. Gen. Pract. 7, 22 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, L. & Liu, W. Effects of Family Doctor Contract Services on the Health-Related Quality of Life Among Individuals with Diabetes in China: Evidence From the CHARLS. Front Public Health fDs (2022).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, Z. et al. Family doctor contract services and health-related quality of life among patients with chronic diseases in rural China: What is the role of socioeconomic status?. Int. J. Equity Health 20(1), 191. 15v (2021).

    Article 
    MathSciNet 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu, C. et al. The Impact of a Family Doctor Contract Service on Outcomes for Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Zhejiang Province. Asia Pac. J. Public Health 34(6–7), 643–648. Y4F (2022).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Lai, S. et al. The effects of family physician-contracted service on health-related quality of life and equity in health in China. Int. J. Equity Health 20(1), 15. 1Xd (2021).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Vera-Hernández, M. Structural estimation of a principal-agent model: Moral hazard in medical insurance. Rand. J. Econ. 34(4), 670–693 (2003).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, D., Su, M., Guo, X., Zhang, W. & Zhang, T. The effect of medical choice on health costs of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic disease: Based on principal-agent theory. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 19(13), 7570. ZOK (2022).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, A., Schröder-Bäck, P., Brink, A. & Eurich, J. The agency problem and medical acting: an example of applying economic theory to medical ethics. Med. Health Care Philos. 12(1), 99–108. 5DX (2009).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, L., He, X. & Zhang, C. The impact of public policy of family doctor contracting on medical expenses from the perspective of residents at community level in China. Front. Psychol. ypj (2023).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchanan, A. Principal/agent theory and decision making in health care. Bioethics 2(4), 317–333 (1988).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Hao, X., Yang, Y., Gao, X. & Dai, T. Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Health Management Program for the Elderly on Health-Related Quality of Life among Elderly People in China: Findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 16(1), 113. Lv8 (2019).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, L., Zhang, K., Gao, Y., Jia, Z. & Han, S. The relationship between gender, marital status and depression among Chinese middle-aged and older people: Mediation by subjective well-being and moderation by degree of digitization. Front. Psychol. eU2 (2022).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Olazarán, J. et al. Mild cognitive impairment and dementia in primary care: the value of medical history. Fam Pract. 28(4), 385–392. 10G (2011).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Ware, J., Snoww, K., Kosinski, M. A., & Gandek, B. G. SF-36. Health survey: manual and interpretation guide. Health Assess. Lab (1993).

  • Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E. & McHugh, P. R. Mini-mental state A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J. Psychiatr. Res. 12(3), 189–198. l0L (1975).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, et al. Cocreative customer practices: effects of health care customer value cocreation practices on well-being. J. Bus. Res. ASr (2017).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 51(6), 1173–1182. 2wt (1986).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Arwert, H. J., Groeneveld, I. F., Vliet Vlieland, T. P. M. & Meesters, J. J. L. Health Care Use and Its Associated Factors 5–8 Years after Stroke. J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis. LKh (2019).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Yokokawa, D. et al. Relationship between the presence of primary care physicians and health-related quality of life. J. Gen. Fam. Med. 23(2), 87–93. CzM (2021).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, Z. et al. Evaluating the effect of hierarchical medical system on health seeking behavior: A difference-in-differences analysis in China. Soc. Sci. Med. dvr (2021).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu, X., Zhou, L., Ampon-Wireko, S. & Quansah, P. E. Assessing the mediating role of motivation in the relationship between perceived management support and perceived job satisfaction among family doctors in Jiangsu province China. Hum. Resour. Health 21(1), 71. Vdb (2023).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, X. et al. The primary health-care system in China. Lancet 390(10112), 2584–2594. XRs (2017).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, A. et al. How surface acting affects turnover intention among family doctors in rural China: The mediating role of emotional exhaustion and the moderating role of occupational commitment. Hum. Resour. Health 21(1), 3. gr3 (2023).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Ye, J. et al. Burnout among obstetricians and paediatricians: A cross-sectional study from China. BMJ Open kVa (2019).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Arrow, K. J. Uncertainty and the welfare economics of medical care. Bull. World Health Organ. 82(2), 141–149 (2004).

    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarvimäki, A. & Stenbock-Hult, B. Quality of life in old age described as a sense of well-being, meaning and value. J. Adv. Nurs. 32, 1025–1033. oOc (2000).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, S. et al. Do older people with cardiovascular-metabolic multimorbidity prefer to sign contracts for family doctor services? Evidence from a cross-sectional study in rural Shandong China. BMC Geriatr. 21(1), 579. ctS (2021).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang, S., Yin, A., Liu, Q. & Sun, X. Can the implementation of family doctor contracted service enable the elderly to utilize primary health care services more equally? empirical evidence from Shandong China. BMC Prim Care. 23(1), 31. clT (2022).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Sabbah, I., Drouby, N., Sabbah, S., Retel-Rude, N. & Mercier, M. Quality of life in rural and urban populations in Lebanon using SF-36 health survey. Health Qual. Life Outcomes. 1, 30. hnK (2003).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Sutarsa, I. N., Kasim, R., Slimings, C., Bain-Donohue, S. & Barnard, A. Effects of employing primary care doctors in hospital to improve the quality of care and health outcomes of rural patients: A systematic scoping review. Aust. J. Rural Health. 29(4), 492–501. usf (2021).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, M. et al. Knowledge, attitudes and skills of dementia care in general practice: A cross-sectional study in primary health settings in Beijing China. BMC Fam. Pract. 21(1), 89. iOS (2020).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, M. et al. The needs of informal caregivers and barriers of primary care workers toward dementia management in primary care: A qualitative study in Beijing. BMC Fam. Pract. 19(1), 201. SxY (2018).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Man, F. Y., Chen, C. X., Lau, Y. Y. & Chan, K. Therapeutic inertia in the management of hyperlipidaemia in type 2 diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study in the primary care setting. Hong Kong Med. J. 22(4), 356–364. Ldi (2016).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, C., Xu, R. H., Wong, E. L. & Wang, D. The association between healthcare needs, socioeconomic status, and life satisfaction from a Chinese rural population cohort, 2012–2018. Sci. Rep. 12(1), 14129. Wfc (2022).

    Article 
    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Sawicki, O. A. et al. Strong and sustainable primary healthcare is associated with a lower risk of hospitalization in high risk patients. Sci. Rep. 11(1), 4349. b4L (2021).

    Article 
    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuiper, J. S. et al. Social relationships and risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. Ageing Res. Rev. 22, 39–57. jMa (2015).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, I. E. M., Martyr, A., Collins, R., Brayne, C. & Clare, L. Social isolation and cognitive function in later life: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Alzheimers Dis. 70(s1), S119–S144. MY6 (2019).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Leave a Comment